تأثیر اشکالات جدید Spectre روی میلیاردها کامپیوتر دارای پردازندههای اینتل و AMD
????????? Spectre ?? ?? ???? ?? ?????????????? ??? ? ????????? ?? ???????????? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ??[?]? ?????? ????????? ??? ??? ?????[?]: “???????? ??? ?? ???? ????? ???? ???? ?? ?? ???? ??????” ? ?????????? ????????? ??? ?????????? ?? ?? ???? ????? ?????? speculative ???.
??????? ??? ?? ?? ??? ????? ??? ? Spectre ?????? ?? ??? ?????????? ??? ?????????????.
???? ?? ??????? ???????? ? ??????? ???????? ?? ?????????? ?? ?????? ?????[?] ?? ??? ???????? ?? ???? ?????????? ???? Spectre ????????? ?? ???????? ?? ??? ?????? ? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???? ???? ? ???????? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ?? ??? ??? ?? ???? ??? ???? ??????.
????? Spectre ? Meltdown ????? ??????[?] ?? ????? ?? ?? ???? ??? ???????[?] ?????????? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ??? ???[?-?]. ??? ??????? ???????? ????? ????? ?????? ARM ? AMD ?????? ????? ???? ??????? ?? ?????????????? ???? ?? ??????? ?????? ???? ????? ??????? ???????? ? ???? ??????? ??????? ?? ???????? ?? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ????.
Spectre ?? ?? ?????? ????? ????? ????????????? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ???? isolation ??? ?????????? ????? ?? ?? ??? ?????? ? ?? ?? ??? ?????????? ?? ??? ????? speculative ?? ?????????? ????????? CPU ???? ?????? ?? ????????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ???????? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ??? ? ???????? ????? ????? ?? ??? ???.
?????? ?????????? ?????: “?? ???? Spectre ???????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ??????????????? ?? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ???. ??? ??? ???????? ??????? ??? ? ????? ??? ?? ???????? ?? ????? ??????? ????? ????????? ?? ???????? ??????? ?????? ???? ???? ????????? ???????? ?? ???? ??????? ???? ????.”
??? ??? ?????? ???? ?????? cache ????? ?????? (????? ?? micro-ops ?? ?ops) ?????? ??????[?]? ??????????? ?????? ?? ?? ?? ???? ????? ??? ?? ?????????????? ?????? ?? ?? ??????? ??????? ????? ?????? ? ???? ??????? ?? ???????? ?? ????? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??????. Cache ??? Micro-op ?? ?????????? ????? ?? ????? ????????? ?? ??? ???? ?? ??? ???? ?????.
Ashish Venkat ???????? ??????? ???????? ? ????????? ????? ?? ??? ????? ?????????? ???????: “???? ???????? ????? ?? ????? Spectre? ?? LFENCE ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ?? ?? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ????????? ?????? ????? ??? ? ??? ?? ??? ???? ?? ???? ???? ?? ???? ???. ??? ????? ?? ?? ???????? ??? ??????? ??????? ears ????? ?? ???? ?? ?? ????? ???? ??????. ?? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ???????? ?? ??????? ?? ?? ???????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ?? ?? ???? ????? cache ?? ??? micro-op ?????.”
?????? ?????????? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ?????????? AMD Zen? ??????? ?? ????? ????? micro-ops ???? ??????? ?? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ???? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ???? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ??? ???? ???.
?????? ?? ????????? ???[??] ???? ?????? ?? ????? ?????????[??] ???? ?????????? ????????? ????? ???? ???????????? ?? ???? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ???? ?? ???? ?? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ????????? ????????? ????????? ??????? ???? ?? ????? speculative ?? ???? ???.
Venkat ?? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????????? ?? The Hacker News ?????????? ???: “???????????? ?? ???? ???? ??????? ????? ??????????? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ???? ? ???????? ??????? ?????????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ???? ???? ???????????? ???? ???. ????? ?? ?? ?? ?? ??????? ?? ???? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ???. ???? ?? ??? ??? ?????? ????? ???. ?? ???? ???? ???? ?? ???? ?? ????????? ?????? ????.”
?????? ????? ????? ??? ??? ?? ??????????? ?? ?????????????? Spectre ????? ???. ???? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? cache ?? ??? micro-ops ?? flush ????? ??? ???? ??? ?? ?????? ??????? ?? ?? ?? ??????? ?? cache ??????????? ?? ?? ?????? ??? ???? ??????? ??????????? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ??????????? ?? cache ?? ??? micro-op ??????? ?????? ? ?? ?? ?? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ???????????? ?? ?? ?????????? ???? ? ?? ??? ??? ?????? ?????? ???? ?? ??????? ??????? ???.
?????? ?????????? ?????: “cache ?? ??? micro-op ???????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ????. ???? ??? cache ???? ???????? ?? cache ?? ?? ???????? ????????? ????? ????? ??????? ??? ??????. ???? ??? ????? ???? ??? ???? ?? ??????? ??????? ????? ??????? ????????. ???? ?? ???? ?? ????? chache ?? ??? micro-op ?? ???? pipeline ???? ????? ??? ?? ????? ???????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ????? ???? ??????????????? cache ?? ??? speculative ?? Spectre ? ???? ????? ????? ???? ??????? ????????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? cache ?? ??? micro-op ????????? ?????.
?????
[?] https://apa.aut.ac.ir/?p=3397
[?] https://meltdownattack.com
[?] https://www.cs.virginia.edu/~av6ds/papers/isca2021a.pdf
[?] https://blog.trailofbits.com/2018/01/30/an-accessible-overview-of-meltdown-and-spectre-part-1
[?] https://apa.aut.ac.ir/?p=5651
[?] https://thehackernews.com/2020/08/foreshadow-processor-vulnerability.html
[?] https://thehackernews.com/2021/03/new-bugs-could-let-hackers-bypass.html
[?] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micro-operation
[??] https://thehackernews.com/2021/03/malware-can-exploit-new-flaw-in-intel.html
[??] https://thehackernews.com/2020/07/http2-timing-side-channel-attacks.html
[??] https://thehackernews.com/2021/04/cybercriminals-widely-abusing-excel-40.html
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